When I try to retrieve emails, I see the following messages in the Thunderbird status bar:
Checking Inbox for new messages
Downloading 1 of 68
Nothing to download
The problem is confined to one mail account on one computer - I can see and download the messages on other PCs, my phone, etc. If I use telnet on the problem PC, I can retrieve the messages that Thunderbird is not downloading.
Also, for other accounts on the same mail server accessed by the same instance of Thunderbird I can download all messages.
I'm using Thunderbird 38.2.0 on Windows 8.1, connecting with POP3.
I've re-installed Thunderbird. I have also tried deleting the popstate.dat file for this account, to no effect.