On Monday morning, my local printer (Xerox Phaser 3320) would not accept jobs ("printing stopped"). I have access to network printers (all Xerox), and had the same experience with them. I have now spent the better part of yesterday and today trying to solve this problem: everything was working fine until I got the weekend's updates. (At least, I was printing just fine on Friday.)
I have scoured this site, Unix.SE, and the internet for "filter failed" problems, but can't find a solution that works in my case. I've tried deleting and re-installing the printer several times, from Settings, and sudo system-config-printer, and http://localhost:631/, and also checked cables, etc., all to no avail.
I have tried using the PPD suggested by the system, as well as the one available from the Xerox site.
I have Win7 in a Virtualbox on this machine, and can (!) print to this printer from Virtuabox.
With the latest re-install, I tried printing a test-page (from the install device settings window), and get this in /var/log/cups/error_log:
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] ================================================
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] File: <STDIN>
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] ================================================
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] Xerox-Phaser-3320: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libqpdf.so.18: version `LIBQPDF_18\' not found (required by Xerox-Phaser-3320)
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] Cannot process \"<STDIN>\": Unknown filetype.
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] Process is dying with \"Could not print file <STDIN>
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] \", exit stat 2
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] Cleaning up...
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] PID 21028 (/usr/lib/cups/filter/pdftopdf) stopped with status 1.
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] Hint: Try setting the LogLevel to "debug" to find out more.
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] PID 21030 (/usr/lib/cups/backend/dnssd) exited with no errors.
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] PID 21029 (/usr/lib/cups/filter/foomatic-rip) stopped with status 2.
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] Hint: Try setting the LogLevel to "debug" to find out more.
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] PDF template file doesn\'t have form. It\'s okay.
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] PID 21027 (/usr/lib/cups/filter/bannertopdf) did not catch or ignore signal 13.
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] End of messages
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] printer-state=3(idle)
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] printer-state-message="Filter failed"
D [19/Sep/2017:13:12:53 +0100] [Job 70] printer-state-reasons=none
I note the problem with libqpdf.so.18, and this is what the location shows:
$ ls -al libqpdf*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Aug 18 15:06 libqpdf.so.17 -> libqpdf.so.17.0.0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 751928 Aug 18 15:06 libqpdf.so.17.0.0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Sep 16 04:12 libqpdf.so.18 -> libqpdf.so.18.1.0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 784600 Sep 16 04:12 libqpdf.so.18.1.0
Beyond that, however, I don't know what this problem might represent or how to fix it.
I am running (full disclosure) Ubuntu Gnome 17.10 but hope I don't have to wait weeks for some help with this problem. (Please!) I would welcome any suggestions or guidance on further diagnostic steps.