Writing data to the portion of the hard disk that contains the partition table is not very different from any other write. Only a very high number of repeated writes will make it wear out - as is normal for drives getting used for an elongated time.
But unfortunately, I'm interrupted twice because of power failure.
... that on the other hand might indicate a problem with the drive hardware.
Say that the 12 volt feed to a standard drive is used for driving the spindle and/or something that is important when writing to the disk (assuming this happens with ONE drive and none other).
Then if that voltage volt feed (or use of it) has some kind of problem, it might be attempting to pull more power from the PSU than it is capable of - and in that attempt it might "pull down" (one of) the voltage(s) to a level where the computer simply shuts off.