Possible Duplicate:
My sound stopped working today, how can I fix it?
I'm baffled by this discrepancy:
This speaker test is successful:
speaker-test -c 6 -D 'surround51:CARD=PCH,DEV=0'Sound Settings is behaving as if I have no sound card:

How do I find out what's causing this problem?
Details
Have a look at aplay -L, pacmd list-cards, lshw, pulseaudio -vvvv, and pavucontrol. I do not use HDMI.
This discussion of a similar problem on a PulseAudio mailing list suggests that changes to /etc/pulse/default.pa might be responsible, but I have not edited this file.